The California Smokers’ Helpline is operated by the Moores UCSD Cancer Center under the direction of Shu-Hong Zhu, PhD, Professor of Family and Preventive Medicine.
The Helpline is staffed with caring, trained professionals. Most have a bachelor’s degree or higher, and all are fully trained in helping smokers quit. They understand that for many, quitting smoking may be the hardest thing they’ve ever done. They are nonjudgmental in their approach and proactive in providing support. Helpline counselors are fluent in English, Spanish, Mandarin, Cantonese, Korean, and Vietnamese, the six most common languages in California. To learn about the Helpline’s free services, start here.
The Center for Tobacco Cessation (CTC) is an affiliate of the Helpline. It provides training and technical assistance to local organizations across California to help build capacity in tobacco cessation. CTC faculty members have expertise in many areas of tobacco cessation, including the cessation facilitation, integration of cessation treatment into health care and behavioral health settings, treatment considerations for special populations such as pregnant smokers, teenagers, and tobacco chewers, evaluation of cessation programs, and more. CTC trainings often feature additional faculty who are national or international experts in their areas of focus.
Nicotine is a very addictive drug that is absorbed into the bloodstream when a tobacco product is smoked, chewed, or inhaled. On average a smoker will take 10 puffs on a cigarette over a period of five minutes that a cigarette is lit1. An individual who smokes about 30 cigarettes daily gets 300 dosages of nicotine a day2. Once nicotine enters the bloodstream it immediately stimulates the adrenal glands to release the hormone epinephrine. Epinephrine stimulates the central nervous system and increases heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration. Glucose is released into the blood stream while nicotine suppresses insulin output from the pancreas, which means that smokers have chronically elevated blood sugar levels. Nicotine increases levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine, which affects the brain pathways that control reward and pleasure; long-term brain changes because of continued nicotine exposure can lead to nicotine addiction. Studies suggest that supplementary compounds found in cigarettes like acetaldehyde, may increase the nicotine’s effects on the brain. Other studies indicate that teenagers are especially susceptible to these effects and may be more likely than adults to develop an addiction to tobacco.
Tobacco is the leading cause of preventable illness and death in the United States3.
Smoking causes cancer, heart disease, stroke, and COPD (emphysema & chronic bronchitis). Cigarette smoking causes more than 440,000 deaths each year, including almost 50,000 deaths due to exposure to secondhand smoke or one in five deaths annually and five million deaths worldwide4. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among both men and women in the United States, and more people die from lung cancer than any other type of cancer. Smoking causes 90% of lung cancer deaths5, and on average, smokers die 10 years earlier than nonsmokers6.
The following health improvements can take place after quitting smoking7:
• In 20 minutes blood pressure drops back to normal.
• In 8 hours the carbon monoxide levels in the blood stream drop by half.
• Oxygen levels return to normal.
• In 48 hours the chance of having a heart attack decreases, all nicotine has left the body, and the senses of taste and smell return to a normal level.
• In 72 hours the bronchial tubes relax and energy levels increase.
• In 2 weeks circulation increases and continues to improve for the next 10 weeks.
• In 3-9 months coughs, wheezing, and breathing problems dissipate as lung capacity improves by 10%.
• In 1 year the risk of having a heart attack drops by half.
• In 5 years the risk of having a stroke returns to that of a non-smoker.
• In 10 years the risk of lung cancer returns to that of a non-smoker.
• In 15 years the risk of heart attack returns to that of a non-smoker.
Center for Disease Control and Prevention – Secondhand Smoke
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
Center For Tobacco Policy – Action Steps for Tenants and Landlords to Deal with Drifting Secondhand Smoke in Apartments
The Nation’s Health: A Publication of the American Public Health Association – Indoor Smoking Bans Mean Fewer ER Asthma Visits for Kids
Centros para el Control y la Prevención de Enfermedades
https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/signosvitales/tabaco/
El Departmento de Vivienda yDesarrollo Urbano de EE. UU.
https://portal.hud.gov/hudportal/HUD?src=/espanol
Center for Tobacco Policy – Pasos de Acción Para Inquilinos y Propietarios Sobre Como Controlar el Humo de Segunda Mano en Apartamentos